元明．大雁玉帶飾 - Jade Belt Buckle (1271~1368)

論壇首頁● 最新帖子● 主題搜尋● 社區娛樂● 資料修改● 會員註冊● 會員登錄● 離開系統

留言簿● 精品區● 我的主題● 我的檔案●萬年曆●

天下文壇 > 英文詩苑 > 元明．大雁玉帶飾 - Jade Belt Buckle (1271~1368)

畢泠江山如畫　

發表主題

發起投票 | 關閉窗口

發帖人主題標題：

元明．大雁玉帶飾 - Jade Belt Buckle (1271~1368) 回覆數: 0 點數: 308

第 1 樓

畢泠

討論區負責人
積分：5651
貨幣：5579
發帖數：2574
來自：Unknow

時間：2005-02-22 07:19

   元明．大雁玉帶飾 - Jade Belt Buckle (1271~1368)
   摘自天下文壇   畢泠  2005-02-22 07:19
http://yuhsia.com/ccb/index.pl
*
..... 欣賞藝術．交流學習.... [url=http://artvinedata.com/images/uu2.htm][color=Blue:5004f3865e]繁簡字程式轉換連結[/color:5004f3865e][/url]

..... 歡迎貼文分享，交流您的心得或收藏，
..... 您也可以用新詩、古韻、散文.... 談談您的觀感....

元─明／大雁玉帶飾 Jade Belt Buckle, Yuan to Ming dynasty (1271~1368)

[img:5004f3865e]http://www.npm.gov.tw/ch/3_pic/010108/p09c.jpg[/img:5004f3865e]

元─明／大雁玉帶飾 (1271~1368)
長11.2公分／寬6.2公分
　

器近橢圓形。白玉質，光澤溫潤瑩秀。正面採多層次鏤空技法，呈現大雁穿竄於
荷塘葦叢間的景況。背面，中央有一長方形框，面上淺浮雕如意雲紋，框的兩側
嵌有銅質帶扣，以供穿繫革帶之用。

此件玉帶飾的紋樣與鮮卑、女真族的生活習俗有關。據遼、金史書的記載，每年
春季，皇帝均率臣子至河岸以「海東青」獵雁鵝，所謂「春捺」，遠泊鳴鼓，鵝
驚騰起，...五坊擎進海東青鶻，拜授皇帝放之，鶻擒鵝墜...」。海東青，鷹的一
種，主要產於女真人的故鄉─黑龍江流域，體型甚小但擅捕雁、鵝等大形的鳥
類，常迫之竄躲於荷葉、蘆葦之中。遼、金的服飾，常見以鷹擒鵝墜的剎那為裝
飾紋樣。﹝金史．輿服志﹞中載，「其從春水之服，多鶻捕鵝雜花卉飾」，故而
這類紋飾題材我們稱之為「春水」。

元代仍可見以「春水」為題材的服飾。而到明代，因為民族的差異性，「春水」
中遊牧民族的狩獵特質淡化，所以常常有僅見雁而不見鷹的情形。這件玉飾還保
留著元朝帶飾的橢圓造型，而風格上也比較接近元代：層次雜而不亂、線條圓鼓
而滑順，只是僅留大雁在荷蓮中穿行，而不見鶻鷹巡狩的畫面，使我們估量，它
或許是製作於一個交替過渡的時期。

撰稿／張麗端
............................................................................................................

[b:5004f3865e]Jade Belt Buckle with Wild Goose Design[/b:5004f3865e] Yuan to Ming dynasty (1271~1368)
Length: 11.2 cm, width: 6.2 cm

This ovoid belt buckle is carved in translucent white nephrite (jade) with a
waxy luster.

The obverse depicts in layered openwork a wild goose scurrying through
the reeds of a lotus pond.

The reverse is fitted with a rectangular jade frame of a scepter cloud design
in low relief with two inlaid copper clasps for fastening to a belt.

The decorative motifs here relate to the hunting traditions of the Khitan
and Nuchen people.

Histories of the Liao (916-1125) and Chin (1115-1234) dynasties, stablished
respectively by the Khitan and Nuchen, record that the emperor would lead
his ministers to an encampment on the banks of the Yellow River each spring
and hunt for wild geese using a fierce bird of prey known as the
"hai-tung-ch'ing", indigenous to the Heilungkiang Valley--homeland of the
Nuchen people.

Despite its small size, the "hai-tung-ch'ing" could prey on geese and other
larger birds, which often dive for cover among lotuses or reeds to avoid its
clutches.

At the hunt, officials and troops in the distance would beat drums to scare
geese into flight.

Then the emperor would order the release of the "hai-tung-ch'ing", which
would race to attack the geese and bring them down.

A common design on Liao and Chin dress ornament depicts the moment
when a goose falls prey. The "Dress and Regalia" section of the History of
the Chin records a design that shows a hunt scene against a backdrop of
flowers and reeds known as "ch'un-shui (spring water)".

The "ch'un-shui" motif was widely used on clothing in the Yuan dynasty
(1279-1368). For example, a set of jade belt ornaments decorated with
birds of prey catching swans was discovered in 1960 in the Yuan dynasty
tomb of Ch'ien Yu and his wife.

By the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), however, ethnic diversification had
weakened the hunting traditions of the Chin and Liao nomadic tribes.

"Ch'un-shui" motifs of this period continue to depict wild geese but
without the "hai-tung-ch'ing".

This jade adornment retains the oval shape and style of its Yuan
predecessors.

The gradations are complex but not erratic, and lines are rounded and fluid.

The only indication that this was made during a later period of dynastic
transition is the absence of the bird of prey in the "ch'un-shui" motif.

* 以上，轉載自故宮博物院典藏說明，英文部分重新段落編輯。
    天下文壇天下文壇畢泠  2005-02-22 07:19
http://yuhsia.com/ccb/index.pl