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天下文壇 > 英文詩苑 > 元明.大雁玉帶飾 - Jade Belt Buckle (1271~1368) | 畢泠 江山如畫 |
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發帖人 主題標題: | 元明.大雁玉帶飾 - Jade Belt Buckle (1271~1368) 回覆數: 0 點數: 307 | 第 1 樓 |
時間:2005-02-22 07:19 | ||
元明.大雁玉帶飾 - Jade Belt Buckle (1271~1368) 摘自 天下文壇 畢泠 2005-02-22 07:19 http://yuhsia.com/ccb/index.pl * ..... 欣賞藝術.交流學習.... [url=http://artvinedata.com/images/uu2.htm][color=Blue:5004f3865e]繁簡字程式轉換連結[/color:5004f3865e][/url] ..... 歡迎貼文分享,交流您的心得或收藏, ..... 您也可以用新詩、古韻、散文.... 談談您的觀感.... 元─明/大雁玉帶飾 Jade Belt Buckle, Yuan to Ming dynasty (1271~1368) [img:5004f3865e]http://www.npm.gov.tw/ch/3_pic/010108/p09c.jpg[/img:5004f3865e] 元─明/大雁玉帶飾 (1271~1368) 長11.2公分/寬6.2公分 器近橢圓形。白玉質,光澤溫潤瑩秀。正面採多層次鏤空技法,呈現大雁穿竄於 荷塘葦叢間的景況。背面,中央有一長方形框,面上淺浮雕如意雲紋,框的兩側 嵌有銅質帶扣,以供穿繫革帶之用。 此件玉帶飾的紋樣與鮮卑、女真族的生活習俗有關。據遼、金史書的記載,每年 春季,皇帝均率臣子至河岸以「海東青」獵雁鵝,所謂「春捺」,遠泊鳴鼓,鵝 驚騰起,...五坊擎進海東青鶻,拜授皇帝放之,鶻擒鵝墜...」。海東青,鷹的一 種,主要產於女真人的故鄉─黑龍江流域,體型甚小但擅捕雁、鵝等大形的鳥 類,常迫之竄躲於荷葉、蘆葦之中。遼、金的服飾,常見以鷹擒鵝墜的剎那為裝 飾紋樣。﹝金史.輿服志﹞中載,「其從春水之服,多鶻捕鵝雜花卉飾」,故而 這類紋飾題材我們稱之為「春水」。 元代仍可見以「春水」為題材的服飾。而到明代,因為民族的差異性,「春水」 中遊牧民族的狩獵特質淡化,所以常常有僅見雁而不見鷹的情形。這件玉飾還保 留著元朝帶飾的橢圓造型,而風格上也比較接近元代:層次雜而不亂、線條圓鼓 而滑順,只是僅留大雁在荷蓮中穿行,而不見鶻鷹巡狩的畫面,使我們估量,它 或許是製作於一個交替過渡的時期。 撰稿/張麗端 ............................................................................................................ [b:5004f3865e]Jade Belt Buckle with Wild Goose Design[/b:5004f3865e] Yuan to Ming dynasty (1271~1368) Length: 11.2 cm, width: 6.2 cm This ovoid belt buckle is carved in translucent white nephrite (jade) with a waxy luster. The obverse depicts in layered openwork a wild goose scurrying through the reeds of a lotus pond. The reverse is fitted with a rectangular jade frame of a scepter cloud design in low relief with two inlaid copper clasps for fastening to a belt. The decorative motifs here relate to the hunting traditions of the Khitan and Nuchen people. Histories of the Liao (916-1125) and Chin (1115-1234) dynasties, stablished respectively by the Khitan and Nuchen, record that the emperor would lead his ministers to an encampment on the banks of the Yellow River each spring and hunt for wild geese using a fierce bird of prey known as the "hai-tung-ch'ing", indigenous to the Heilungkiang Valley--homeland of the Nuchen people. Despite its small size, the "hai-tung-ch'ing" could prey on geese and other larger birds, which often dive for cover among lotuses or reeds to avoid its clutches. At the hunt, officials and troops in the distance would beat drums to scare geese into flight. Then the emperor would order the release of the "hai-tung-ch'ing", which would race to attack the geese and bring them down. A common design on Liao and Chin dress ornament depicts the moment when a goose falls prey. The "Dress and Regalia" section of the History of the Chin records a design that shows a hunt scene against a backdrop of flowers and reeds known as "ch'un-shui (spring water)". The "ch'un-shui" motif was widely used on clothing in the Yuan dynasty (1279-1368). For example, a set of jade belt ornaments decorated with birds of prey catching swans was discovered in 1960 in the Yuan dynasty tomb of Ch'ien Yu and his wife. By the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), however, ethnic diversification had weakened the hunting traditions of the Chin and Liao nomadic tribes. "Ch'un-shui" motifs of this period continue to depict wild geese but without the "hai-tung-ch'ing". This jade adornment retains the oval shape and style of its Yuan predecessors. The gradations are complex but not erratic, and lines are rounded and fluid. The only indication that this was made during a later period of dynastic transition is the absence of the bird of prey in the "ch'un-shui" motif. * 以上,轉載自故宮博物院典藏說明,英文部分重新段落編輯。 天下文壇 天下文壇 畢泠 2005-02-22 07:19 http://yuhsia.com/ccb/index.pl |
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